vulkan_renderer/main.cpp

#include <vulkan/vulkan.hpp>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <print>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <glm/glm.hpp>

struct vertex
{
    glm::vec2 position;
    glm::vec3 color;
};

std::vector<char> read_file(const char *filename)
{
    std::ifstream file(filename, std::ios::binary);
    file.seekg(0,std::ios::end);
    std::streampos length = file.tellg();
    file.seekg(0,std::ios::beg);
    std::vector<char> buffer(length);
    file.read(&buffer[0],length);

    return buffer;
}

GLFWwindow *create_window(int width, int height, const char *title)
{
    glfwInit();

    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GLFW_FALSE);

    GLFWwindow *window = glfwCreateWindow(width, height, title, nullptr, nullptr);

    if (!window)
    {
        std::println("GLFW window creation failed!");
        return nullptr;
    }
    return window;
}


int main()
{
    GLFWwindow *window = create_window(1000, 800, "hello");

    if (!window)
        return -1;

    vk::ApplicationInfo appinfo = vk::ApplicationInfo("Test_vk", VK_MAKE_VERSION(0,1,0), NULL, VK_MAKE_VERSION(0,1,0), VK_API_VERSION_1_4);
    
    uint32_t extension_count = 0;
    const char **glfwextensions = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&extension_count);
    std::println("GLFW requested extensions:");
    std::vector<const char *> extensions;
    std::vector<const char *> layers;
    for (int i = 0; i < extension_count;i++)
    {
        extensions.push_back(glfwextensions[i]);
        std::println("{}", glfwextensions[i]);
    }
    #ifdef __APPLE__
    extensions.push_back("VK_KHR_portability_enumeration");
    extensions.push_back(VK_EXT_DEBUG_UTILS_EXTENSION_NAME); //Apple silicon extensions
    #endif
    #ifndef NDEBUG
    layers.push_back("VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation");
    #endif
    
    vk::InstanceCreateInfo createinfo = vk::InstanceCreateInfo(
        vk::InstanceCreateFlags(VK_INSTANCE_CREATE_ENUMERATE_PORTABILITY_BIT_KHR), 
        &appinfo,layers.size(), layers.data(), 
        extensions.size(), extensions.data());
    vk::Instance instance = vk::createInstance(createinfo);

    uint32_t count = 0;
    VkResult res = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &count, nullptr);
    if (res != VK_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::println("Enumerating physical devices failed!");
        return -1;
    }
    std::println("Physical devices available {}", count);
    std::vector<VkPhysicalDevice> devices;
    devices.resize(count);
    VkResult res2 = vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &count, devices.data());
    if (res2 != VK_SUCCESS)
    {
        std::println("Enumerating physical devices failed!");
        return -1;
    }

    vk::PhysicalDevice selected_physical_device;
    for (auto device: devices)
    {
        VkPhysicalDeviceProperties dev_prop = {};
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(device, &dev_prop);
        std::println("{}", dev_prop.deviceName);
        selected_physical_device = device;
    }

    std::vector<vk::QueueFamilyProperties> queue_families = selected_physical_device.getQueueFamilyProperties();

    uint32_t graphics_queue_index = 0;

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < queue_families.size(); i++)
    {
        if (queue_families[i].queueFlags & vk::QueueFlagBits::eGraphics)
        {
            graphics_queue_index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    float queue_priority = 1.0f;
    vk::DeviceQueueCreateInfo queue_info = vk::DeviceQueueCreateInfo(vk::DeviceQueueCreateFlags(), graphics_queue_index, 1, &queue_priority);

    std::vector<const char *> device_extensions;

    device_extensions.push_back("VK_KHR_swapchain");
    #ifdef __APPLE__
    device_extensions.push_back("VK_KHR_portability_subset");
    #endif
    vk::PhysicalDeviceFeatures device_features = vk::PhysicalDeviceFeatures();

    vk::DeviceCreateInfo device_info = vk::DeviceCreateInfo(vk::DeviceCreateFlags(), 1, &queue_info, 0, nullptr, device_extensions.size(), device_extensions.data(), &device_features);

    vk::Device device = selected_physical_device.createDevice(device_info);

    vk::Queue graphics_queue = device.getQueue(graphics_queue_index, 0);

    VkSurfaceKHR raw_surface;
    glfwCreateWindowSurface(instance, window, nullptr, &raw_surface);
    vk::SurfaceKHR surface = raw_surface;

    VkBool32 surface_supported = selected_physical_device.getSurfaceSupportKHR(graphics_queue_index, surface);

    if (surface_supported == VK_TRUE)
        std::println("Surface supported!");
    else
        std::println("Surface unsupported!");

    vk::SurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surface_capabilities = selected_physical_device.getSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(surface);
    int width = 0;
    int height = 0;
    if (surface_capabilities.currentExtent.height == UINT32_MAX || surface_capabilities.currentExtent.width == UINT32_MAX)
    {
        glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);
        width = std::clamp((uint32_t)width, surface_capabilities.minImageExtent.width, surface_capabilities.maxImageExtent.width);
        height = std::clamp((uint32_t)height, surface_capabilities.minImageExtent.height, surface_capabilities.maxImageExtent.height);
    }
    else
    {
        width = surface_capabilities.currentExtent.width;
        height = surface_capabilities.currentExtent.height;
    }
    vk::Extent2D framebuffer_extension = vk::Extent2D(width, height);
    std::println("Extents width {} height {}", width, height);

    std::vector<vk::SurfaceFormatKHR> surface_formats = selected_physical_device.getSurfaceFormatsKHR(surface);

    vk::SurfaceFormatKHR format;
    for (auto form: surface_formats)
    {
        if (form.format == vk::Format::eB8G8R8A8Srgb && form.colorSpace == vk::ColorSpaceKHR::eSrgbNonlinear)
        {
            format = form;
            break;
        }
    }

    std::vector<vk::PresentModeKHR> present_modes = selected_physical_device.getSurfacePresentModesKHR(surface);
    vk::PresentModeKHR mode = vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifo;
    if (std::find(present_modes.begin(), present_modes.end(), vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifoRelaxed) != present_modes.end())
    {
        mode = vk::PresentModeKHR::eFifoRelaxed;
        std::println("Selected relaxed FIFO");
    }
    
    vk::SwapchainCreateInfoKHR swapchain_info = vk::SwapchainCreateInfoKHR(vk::SwapchainCreateFlagsKHR(), surface, 2, format.format, format.colorSpace, framebuffer_extension,
        1, vk::ImageUsageFlagBits::eColorAttachment, vk::SharingMode::eExclusive);
    swapchain_info.preTransform = surface_capabilities.currentTransform;
    swapchain_info.presentMode = mode;
    swapchain_info.clipped = VK_TRUE;
    swapchain_info.oldSwapchain = vk::SwapchainKHR(nullptr);
    swapchain_info.compositeAlpha = vk::CompositeAlphaFlagBitsKHR::eOpaque;


    vk::SwapchainKHR swapchain = device.createSwapchainKHR(swapchain_info);

    std::vector<vk::Image> images = device.getSwapchainImagesKHR(swapchain);
    std::println("Got {} images from swapchain", images.size());

    std::vector<vk::ImageView> image_views;
    for (auto &image: images)
    {
        vk::ImageViewCreateInfo image_view_info = {};
        image_view_info.image = image;
        image_view_info.viewType = vk::ImageViewType::e2D;
        image_view_info.format = format.format;
        image_view_info.components.r = vk::ComponentSwizzle::eIdentity;
        image_view_info.components.g = vk::ComponentSwizzle::eIdentity;
        image_view_info.components.b = vk::ComponentSwizzle::eIdentity;
        image_view_info.components.a = vk::ComponentSwizzle::eIdentity;
        image_view_info.subresourceRange.aspectMask = vk::ImageAspectFlagBits::eColor;
        image_view_info.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
        image_view_info.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
        image_view_info.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        image_view_info.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;

        image_views.push_back(device.createImageView(image_view_info));
    }

    
    std::vector<char> vertex_shader = read_file("../shaders/vertex.spv");
    std::vector<char> fragment_shader = read_file("../shaders/fragment.spv");
    
    vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo vertex_shader_info = vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo(vk::ShaderModuleCreateFlags(), vertex_shader.size());
    vertex_shader_info.pCode = (const uint32_t*)(vertex_shader.data());

    vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo fragment_shader_info = vk::ShaderModuleCreateInfo(vk::ShaderModuleCreateFlags(), fragment_shader.size());
    fragment_shader_info.pCode = (const uint32_t*)(fragment_shader.data());

    vk::ShaderModule vertex_module = device.createShaderModule(vertex_shader_info);
    vk::ShaderModule fragment_module = device.createShaderModule(fragment_shader_info);

    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo vertex_stage_info = {};
    vertex_stage_info.stage = vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex;
    vertex_stage_info.module = vertex_module;
    vertex_stage_info.pName = "main";

    vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo fragment_stage_info = {};
    fragment_stage_info.stage = vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment;
    fragment_stage_info.module = fragment_module;
    fragment_stage_info.pName = "main";

    std::vector<vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo> pipeline_shaders = {vertex_stage_info, fragment_stage_info};

    vk::VertexInputBindingDescription binding_description = {};
    binding_description.binding = 0;
    binding_description.stride = sizeof(vertex);
    binding_description.inputRate = vk::VertexInputRate::eVertex;

    vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription att_description_pos = {};
    att_description_pos.binding = 0;
    att_description_pos.location = 0;
    att_description_pos.format = vk::Format::eR32G32Sfloat;
    att_description_pos.offset = offsetof(vertex, position);

    vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription att_description_color = {};
    att_description_color.binding = 0;
    att_description_color.location = 1;
    att_description_color.format = vk::Format::eR32G32B32Sfloat;
    att_description_color.offset = offsetof(vertex, color);

    std::vector<vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription> att_descriptions = {att_description_pos, att_description_color};
    vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertex_input_info = {};
    vertex_input_info.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 2;
    vertex_input_info.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1;
    vertex_input_info.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &binding_description;
    vertex_input_info.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = att_descriptions.data();


    vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo input_assembly_info = vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo(vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateFlags(), 
                                                                                                            vk::PrimitiveTopology::eTriangleList, VK_FALSE);
    vk::Viewport viewport = vk::Viewport(0.0f, 0.0f, 
                                        framebuffer_extension.width, framebuffer_extension.height,
                                        0.0f, 1.0f);
    vk::Rect2D scissor;
    scissor.setOffset({0, 0});
    scissor.extent = framebuffer_extension;

    vk::PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewport_info = vk::PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo(vk::PipelineViewportStateCreateFlags(), 
                                                                                            1, &viewport, 1, &scissor);
    vk::PipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo raster_info = {};
    raster_info.depthClampEnable = VK_FALSE;
    raster_info.polygonMode = vk::PolygonMode::eFill;
    raster_info.lineWidth = 1.0f;
    raster_info.cullMode = vk::CullModeFlagBits::eNone;
    raster_info.frontFace = vk::FrontFace::eClockwise;
    raster_info.depthBiasEnable = VK_FALSE;

    vk::PipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampling_info = {};
    multisampling_info.sampleShadingEnable = VK_FALSE;
    multisampling_info.rasterizationSamples = vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1;

    vk::PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState color_blend_attachment = vk::PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState(VK_FALSE);
    vk::PipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo color_blend_info = {};
    color_blend_attachment.colorWriteMask = vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eR | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eG | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eB | vk::ColorComponentFlagBits::eA;
    color_blend_info.logicOpEnable = VK_FALSE;
    color_blend_info.attachmentCount = 1;
    color_blend_info.pAttachments = &color_blend_attachment;

    vk::PipelineLayoutCreateInfo layout_info = {};
    vk::PipelineLayout pipeline_layout = device.createPipelineLayout(layout_info);


    vk::AttachmentDescription color_attachment = vk::AttachmentDescription(vk::AttachmentDescriptionFlags(), 
                                                                            format.format, vk::SampleCountFlagBits::e1,
                                                                            vk::AttachmentLoadOp::eClear, vk::AttachmentStoreOp::eStore,
                                                                            vk::AttachmentLoadOp::eDontCare, vk::AttachmentStoreOp::eDontCare,
                                                                            vk::ImageLayout::eUndefined, vk::ImageLayout::ePresentSrcKHR);
    vk::AttachmentReference attachment_ref = vk::AttachmentReference(0, vk::ImageLayout::eColorAttachmentOptimal);
    vk::SubpassDescription subpass_description = {};
    subpass_description.pipelineBindPoint = vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics;
    subpass_description.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
    subpass_description.pColorAttachments = &attachment_ref;

    vk::SubpassDependency subpass_dependency = {};
    subpass_dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
    subpass_dependency.dstSubpass = 0;
    subpass_dependency.srcStageMask = vk::PipelineStageFlagBits::eColorAttachmentOutput;
    subpass_dependency.dstStageMask = vk::PipelineStageFlags(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits::eColorAttachmentOutput);
    subpass_dependency.dstAccessMask = vk::AccessFlagBits::eColorAttachmentWrite;

    vk::RenderPassCreateInfo render_pass_info = {};
    render_pass_info.attachmentCount = 1;
    render_pass_info.pAttachments = &color_attachment;
    render_pass_info.subpassCount = 1;
    render_pass_info.pSubpasses = &subpass_description;
    render_pass_info.dependencyCount = 1;
    render_pass_info.pDependencies = &subpass_dependency;

    vk::RenderPass render_pass = device.createRenderPass(render_pass_info);

    vk::GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipeline_info = {};
    pipeline_info.stageCount = 2;
    pipeline_info.pStages = pipeline_shaders.data();
    pipeline_info.pVertexInputState = &vertex_input_info;
    pipeline_info.pInputAssemblyState = &input_assembly_info;
    pipeline_info.pViewportState = &viewport_info;
    pipeline_info.pRasterizationState = &raster_info;
    pipeline_info.pMultisampleState = &multisampling_info;
    pipeline_info.pColorBlendState = &color_blend_info;
    pipeline_info.layout = pipeline_layout;
    pipeline_info.renderPass = render_pass;
    pipeline_info.subpass = 0;
    pipeline_info.basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    pipeline_info.basePipelineIndex = -1;

    auto pipeline_result = device.createGraphicsPipeline(VK_NULL_HANDLE, pipeline_info);

    if (pipeline_result.result != vk::Result::eSuccess)
    {
        std::println("Pipeline creation failed!");
        return -1;
    }
    vk::Pipeline pipeline = pipeline_result.value;
    std::println("Pipeline creation success!");


    std::vector<vk::Framebuffer> framebuffers;

    for (auto &view: image_views)
    {
        vk::FramebufferCreateInfo framebuffer_info = vk::FramebufferCreateInfo(vk::FramebufferCreateFlags(),
                                                                        render_pass, view, framebuffer_extension.width,
                                                                        framebuffer_extension.height, 1);
        framebuffers.push_back(device.createFramebuffer(framebuffer_info));
    }

    std::vector<vertex> vertices = {
        {{0.0f, -0.5f}, {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}},
        {{0.5f, 0.5f}, {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f}},
        {{-0.5f, 0.5f}, {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}}
    };


    vk::BufferCreateInfo buffer_info = vk::BufferCreateInfo(vk::BufferCreateFlags(), sizeof(vertices[0]) * vertices.size(), vk::BufferUsageFlagBits::eVertexBuffer, vk::SharingMode::eExclusive);
    vk::Buffer vertex_buffer = device.createBuffer(buffer_info);
    VkMemoryRequirements memory_requirements;
    vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, vertex_buffer, &memory_requirements);
    vk::PhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memory_propierties = selected_physical_device.getMemoryProperties();

    int propierty_index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < memory_propierties.memoryTypeCount; i++)
    {
        if (memory_propierties.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & vk::MemoryPropertyFlags(vk::MemoryPropertyFlagBits::eHostVisible | vk::MemoryPropertyFlagBits::eHostCoherent))
        {
            propierty_index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (propierty_index == -1)
    {
        throw std::runtime_error("Didnt find a suitable memory");
    }

    vk::MemoryAllocateInfo alloc_info = vk::MemoryAllocateInfo(memory_requirements.size, propierty_index);

    vk::DeviceMemory vertex_buffer_memory = device.allocateMemory(alloc_info);
    device.bindBufferMemory(vertex_buffer, vertex_buffer_memory, 0);

    char *data = (char *)device.mapMemory(vertex_buffer_memory, 0, buffer_info.size);
    memcpy(data, vertices.data(), buffer_info.size);
    device.unmapMemory(vertex_buffer_memory);

    vk::CommandPoolCreateInfo command_pool_info = {};
    command_pool_info.flags = vk::CommandPoolCreateFlagBits::eResetCommandBuffer;
    command_pool_info.queueFamilyIndex = graphics_queue_index;
    vk::CommandPool command_pool = device.createCommandPool(command_pool_info);

    vk::CommandBufferAllocateInfo cmd_alloc_info = vk::CommandBufferAllocateInfo(command_pool, 
                                                                                vk::CommandBufferLevel::ePrimary,
                                                                                1);
    auto command_buffers = device.allocateCommandBuffers(cmd_alloc_info);

    vk::SemaphoreCreateInfo semaphore_info = vk::SemaphoreCreateInfo();
    vk::FenceCreateInfo fence_info = vk::FenceCreateInfo();
    fence_info.flags = vk::FenceCreateFlagBits::eSignaled;
    vk::Semaphore image_semaphore = device.createSemaphore(semaphore_info);
    vk::Semaphore render_semaphore = device.createSemaphore(semaphore_info);
    vk::Fence next_frame_fence = device.createFence(fence_info);
    
    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        glfwPollEvents();
        device.waitForFences(next_frame_fence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
        device.resetFences(next_frame_fence);
        uint32_t image_index = device.acquireNextImageKHR(swapchain, UINT64_MAX, image_semaphore).value;
        vkResetCommandBuffer(command_buffers[0], 0);


        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin_info{};
        begin_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
        
        if (vkBeginCommandBuffer(command_buffers[0], &begin_info) != VK_SUCCESS)
        {
            throw std::runtime_error("Command buffer creation failed!");
        }
        vk::ClearValue clear_color = vk::ClearValue({0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
        vk::Rect2D render_area = {{0, 0}, framebuffer_extension};
        vk::RenderPassBeginInfo render_pass_begin = vk::RenderPassBeginInfo(render_pass, framebuffers[image_index],
                                                                            render_area, 1, &clear_color);
        vk::DeviceSize offset = 0;
        command_buffers[0].beginRenderPass(render_pass_begin, vk::SubpassContents::eInline);
        command_buffers[0].bindPipeline(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics, pipeline);
        //command_buffers[0].setViewport(0, viewport);
        //command_buffers[0].setScissor(0, scissor);

        command_buffers[0].bindVertexBuffers(0, 1, &vertex_buffer, &offset);
        command_buffers[0].draw(3, 1, 0, 0);
        command_buffers[0].endRenderPass();
        if (vkEndCommandBuffer(command_buffers[0]) != VK_SUCCESS)
        {
            throw std::runtime_error("Command buffer creation failed!");
        }

        vk::PipelineStageFlags flags =  vk::PipelineStageFlags(vk::PipelineStageFlagBits::eColorAttachmentOutput);
        vk::SubmitInfo submit_info = vk::SubmitInfo();
        submit_info.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
        submit_info.pWaitSemaphores = &image_semaphore;
        submit_info.pWaitDstStageMask = &flags;
        submit_info.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
        submit_info.pSignalSemaphores = &render_semaphore;
        submit_info.commandBufferCount = 1;
        submit_info.pCommandBuffers = &command_buffers[0];

        graphics_queue.submit(submit_info, next_frame_fence);

        vk::PresentInfoKHR present_info = {};
        present_info.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
        present_info.pWaitSemaphores = &render_semaphore;
        present_info.swapchainCount = 1;
        present_info.pSwapchains = &swapchain;
        present_info.pImageIndices = &image_index;

        graphics_queue.presentKHR(present_info);
    }
    device.waitIdle();
    device.destroyBuffer(vertex_buffer);
    device.freeMemory(vertex_buffer_memory);
    for (auto &framebuffer: framebuffers)
    {
        device.destroyFramebuffer(framebuffer);
    }
    device.destroyFence(next_frame_fence);
    device.destroySemaphore(render_semaphore);
    device.destroySemaphore(image_semaphore);
    device.destroyCommandPool(command_pool);
    device.destroyPipeline(pipeline);
    device.destroyRenderPass(render_pass);
    device.destroyPipelineLayout(pipeline_layout);
    device.destroyShaderModule(vertex_module);
    device.destroyShaderModule(fragment_module);
    for (auto &image: image_views)
    {
        device.destroyImageView(image);
    }
    device.destroySwapchainKHR(swapchain);
    instance.destroySurfaceKHR(surface);
    device.destroy();
    instance.destroy();
    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}